Youth and Tobacco Use: Current Estimates

Youth and Tobacco Use: Current Estimates
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Fact Sheets
Adult Data
Cessation and Interventions
Economics
Fast Facts
Health Effects
Secondhand Smoke
Smokeless Tobacco
Specific Populations
Tobacco Industry and Products
Youth and Young Adult Data
Cigarette Smoking
In 2007, 20% of high school students in the United States were current cigarette smokers—approximately 19% of females and 21% of males.1
Among racial and ethnic subgroups, approximately 23% of white, 17% of Hispanic, and 12% of African American high school students were current cigarette smokers in 20071
In 2006, approximately 6% of middle school students in this country were current cigarette smokers,2 with estimates of 6% for females and 6% for males.2
Among racial and ethnic subgroups, approximately 7% of white, 7% of Hispanic, 6% of African American, and 3% of Asian American middle school students were current cigarette smokers in 2006.2
Each day in the United States, approximately 3,900 young people between the ages of 12 and 17 years smoke their first cigarette.3
Each day in the United States, an estimated 1,000 young people between the ages of 12 and 17 years become daily cigarette smokers (i.e., defined as ever smoking every day for at least 30 days).3
Other Tobacco Use
More than 13% of high school students were current cigar smokers in 2007, with estimates higher for males (19%) than for females (8%).4
Nationally, an estimated 4% of all middle school students were current smokeless tobacco users in 2006, with estimates slightly higher for males (5%) than for females (3%).2
An estimated 13% of males in high school were current smokeless tobacco users in 2007.4
An estimated 4% of males in middle school were current smokeless tobacco users in 2006.2
In 2006, approximately 3 percent of high school students were current users of bidis; bidi use among males was (3%) and (2%) for females.2 Among middle school students, approximately 2% were bidi users, with estimates of 2% for males and 2% for females.2
Factors Associated with Tobacco Use among Youth
Some factors associated with youth tobacco use include low socioeconomic status, use and approval of tobacco use by peers or siblings, smoking by parents or guardians, accessibility, availability and price of tobacco products, a perception that tobacco use is normative, lack of parental support or involvement, low levels of academic achievement, lack of skills to resist influences to tobacco use, lower self-image or self-esteem, belief in functional benefits of tobacco use, and lack of self-efficacy to refuse offers of tobacco.5,6
Tobacco use in adolescence is associated with many other health risk behaviors, including high-risk sexual behavior and use of alcohol or other drugs.5